Niphal is passive; it is made by prefixing נ to the root.
Hiphil is causative; it is formed by prefixing a ה to, and inserting (not always) a י in the root.
Hophal is passive; it prefixes הוּ הְָ or הֻ to the root.
Hithpael is either active or passive; it prefixes הִתְ to the root.
Piel is active, and Pual is passive. They have the same letters as Kal; but are differently pointed; as שִׁלַּח , שִׁלֵּחַ , נִחַם צִוָּה , פִּקֵּדPielנֻחַם צֻוָּה , פֻּקַּדPual. <ect,>
Piel frequently takes Tsaree under the first radical, and Pual frequently has Kholem for the first radical; as בֵּרַךְ בֵּרֵךְ Piel, בֹּרַךְ Pual.
Participles.
1. The present participle Kal has a Kholem( וֹ –ֹ ) for the vowel of the first radical; as [blank]
מ Prefixed often denotes a participle.
ה Prefixed to a participle signifies who, that, which.
2. Niphal participle prefixes נ to the root.
3. The passive participle Kal takes the vowel Shoorekוּ or Kibbuts ֻ for the second radical.
Imperative and Infinitive Moods.
The Imperative and Infinitive take the vowel Kholem( וֹ –ֹ ) or short Kaumetsְ ָ for the second radical.