Pay Order from Oliver Granger for Samuel Clark, 5 July 1841

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Pay Order from Oliver Granger for Samuel Clark, 5 July 1841
Source Note

Oliver Granger
7 Feb. 1794–23/25 Aug. 1841. Sheriff, church agent. Born at Phelps, Ontario Co., New York. Son of Pierce Granger and Clarissa Trumble. Married Lydia Dibble, 8 Sept. 1813, at Phelps. Member of Methodist church and licensed exhorter. Sheriff of Ontario Co. ...
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, Pay Order,
Kirtland Township
Located ten miles south of Lake Erie. Settled by 1811. Organized by 1818. Latter-day Saint missionaries visited township, early Nov. 1830; many residents joined Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Population in 1830 about 55 Latter-day Saints and...
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, Lake Co., OH, to JS, for Samuel Clark, [
Nauvoo
Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....
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, Hancock Co., IL], 5 July 1841; handwriting of
Oliver Granger
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; one page; The Huntington Library (HM 28171), San Marino, CA. Includes docket and endorsement.

Single leaf measuring 4¼ × 7⅞ inches (11 × 20 cm). The pay order was written on the recto, with notation on the verso. The document was folded in half and then quarters. There is some separation along one of the folds.

The document was apparently returned at some point to
Oliver Granger
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. Along with other Granger family documents, the pay order later came into the possession of Maxwell Hunley. In 1964, Hunley sold these documents to the Henry E. Huntington Library.
1
Denman, Guide to Mormon Manuscripts at the Huntington Library, 9; Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery to Maxwell Hunley Rare Books, Receipt, 10 Nov. 1964, Maxwell Hunley Rare Books, Records, 1952–1967, Special Collections, Charles E. Young Research Library, University of California Los Angeles; see also the archival notations on the folder housing the featured document at the Huntington Library, San Marino, CA.
Comprehensive Works Cited
Denman, Katrina C. “A Firm Testimony of the Truth”: A Guide to Mormon Manuscripts at the Huntington Library. San Marino, CA: Huntington Library, Art Collections and Botanical Gardens, Library Division—Manuscripts Department, 2015.
Maxwell Hunley Rare Books, Records, 1952–1967. Special Collections, Charles E. Young Research Library, University of California Los Angeles.
Footnotes
[1]
Denman, Guide to Mormon Manuscripts at the Huntington Library, 9; Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery to Maxwell Hunley Rare Books, Receipt, 10 Nov. 1964, Maxwell Hunley Rare Books, Records, 1952–1967, Special Collections, Charles E. Young Research Library, University of California Los Angeles; see also the archival notations on the folder housing the featured document at the Huntington Library, San Marino, CA.
Denman, Katrina C. “A Firm Testimony of the Truth”: A Guide to Mormon Manuscripts at the Huntington Library. San Marino, CA: Huntington Library, Art Collections and Botanical Gardens, Library Division—Manuscripts Department, 2015.
Maxwell Hunley Rare Books, Records, 1952–1967. Special Collections, Charles E. Young Research Library, University of California Los Angeles.
Historical Introduction
Oliver Granger
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wrote the following pay order in
Kirtland
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, Ohio, on 5 July 1841 and sent it to
Nauvoo
Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....
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, Illinois, with Samuel Clark,
1
Several individuals named Samuel Clark lived in Ohio, including one listed as a subscriber to the church’s periodical Latter Day Saints’ Messenger and Advocate, but it is unclear who this particular Samuel Clark is. (See Shipps and Welch, Journals of William E. McLellin, 427.)
Shipps, Jan, and John W. Welch, eds. The Journals of William E. McLellin, 1831–1836. Provo, UT: BYU Studies; Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994.
who was to deliver it to JS. The order instructed JS to pay Clark in order to settle a debt assumed by Granger on JS’s behalf a year earlier.
2
Agreement with Oliver Granger, 29 Apr. 1840.
The debt was initially acquired in 1836 in Kirtland, when the corporation of
Cahoon, Carter & Co.
A mercantile company likely established in June 1835, composed of partners Reynolds Cahoon, Jared Carter, and Hyrum Smith. The company was an outgrowth of their role as members of the committee to build the House of the Lord in Kirtland, Ohio; the funds they...
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contracted with the hardware firm of John Hitchcock & Son in
New York
Located in northeast region of U.S. Area settled by Dutch traders, 1620s; later governed by Britain, 1664–1776. Admitted to U.S. as state, 1788. Population in 1810 about 1,000,000; in 1820 about 1,400,000; in 1830 about 1,900,000; and in 1840 about 2,400,...
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to purchase building materials.

Because of dissent within the
church
The Book of Mormon related that when Christ set up his church in the Americas, “they which were baptized in the name of Jesus, were called the church of Christ.” The first name used to denote the church JS organized on 6 April 1830 was “the Church of Christ...
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and conflict with other
Ohio
French explored and claimed area, 1669. British took possession following French and Indian War, 1763. Ceded to U.S., 1783. First permanent white settlement established, 1788. Northeastern portion maintained as part of Connecticut, 1786, and called Connecticut...
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residents, over 1,500 church members had left
Kirtland
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by mid-1838.
3
For more on the dissent and economic unrest in Kirtland, see Introduction to Part 5: 5 Oct. 1836–10 Apr. 1837; Introduction to Part 6: 20 Apr.–14 Sept. 1837; Introduction to Part 7: 17 Sept. 1837–21 Jan. 1838; and Introduction to Part 1: 15 Feb.–28 June 1838.
In August 1839, JS assumed many of the outstanding Kirtland debts of his colleagues, including Cahoon, Carter & Co.’s debt to Hitchcock & Son.
4
See Agreement with Mead & Betts, 2 Aug. 1839. A list of outstanding debts compiled in 1838 showed $1130.49 due to Hitchcock & Son on 27 February 1838. (Statement of Account from Hitchcock & Wilder, between 9 July and 6 Nov. 1838.)
In April 1840,
Granger
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agreed to assume the outstanding debts JS had incurred with companies in the eastern
United States
North American constitutional republic. Constitution ratified, 17 Sept. 1787. Population in 1805 about 6,000,000; in 1830 about 13,000,000; and in 1844 about 20,000,000. Louisiana Purchase, 1803, doubled size of U.S. Consisted of seventeen states at time ...
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and to pursue the settlement of those debts.
5
See Authorization for Oliver Granger, 6 May 1839; and Agreement with Oliver Granger, 29 Apr. 1840. As a revelation from 1838 had directed, Granger was already acting as an agent to “contend earnestly for the redemption of the first presidency” from financial struggles. (Revelation, 8 July 1838–E [D&C 117:13].)
Apparently the debt to Hitchcock & Son became complicated when Granger used lands bought on credit from Abel Owen to pay the firm. Though Granger had assumed the debt on JS’s behalf, the pay order returned the responsibility for the payment to JS.

Records show that JS received the order by 4 August and that he paid the $101 owed from his own property.
6
Account for Estate of Oliver Granger, Deceased, ca. Feb.–Mar. 1842, Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum, Springfield, IL.
Account for Estate of Oliver Granger, Deceased, ca. Feb.–Mar. 1842. Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum, Springfield, IL.
A payment notation was added to the verso of the order.
Footnotes
[1]
Several individuals named Samuel Clark lived in Ohio, including one listed as a subscriber to the church’s periodical Latter Day Saints’ Messenger and Advocate, but it is unclear who this particular Samuel Clark is. (See Shipps and Welch, Journals of William E. McLellin, 427.)
Shipps, Jan, and John W. Welch, eds. The Journals of William E. McLellin, 1831–1836. Provo, UT: BYU Studies; Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994.
[2]
Agreement with Oliver Granger, 29 Apr. 1840.
[3]
For more on the dissent and economic unrest in Kirtland, see Introduction to Part 5: 5 Oct. 1836–10 Apr. 1837; Introduction to Part 6: 20 Apr.–14 Sept. 1837; Introduction to Part 7: 17 Sept. 1837–21 Jan. 1838; and Introduction to Part 1: 15 Feb.–28 June 1838.
[4]
See Agreement with Mead & Betts, 2 Aug. 1839. A list of outstanding debts compiled in 1838 showed $1130.49 due to Hitchcock & Son on 27 February 1838. (Statement of Account from Hitchcock & Wilder, between 9 July and 6 Nov. 1838.)
[5]
See Authorization for Oliver Granger, 6 May 1839; and Agreement with Oliver Granger, 29 Apr. 1840. As a revelation from 1838 had directed, Granger was already acting as an agent to “contend earnestly for the redemption of the first presidency” from financial struggles. (Revelation, 8 July 1838–E [D&C 117:13].)
[6]
Account for Estate of Oliver Granger, Deceased, ca. Feb.–Mar. 1842, Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum, Springfield, IL.
Account for Estate of Oliver Granger, Deceased, ca. Feb.–Mar. 1842. Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum, Springfield, IL.
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Kirtland
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July The 5th 1841

Brother Joseph Smith

Dear sir please pay the Brarrer [bearer] Samuel Clark one hundred and one dollars Eighty dollars to be paid in lands and the remainder in money it being for vallue rec— as they hold obligations against myself for lands purchased of Abble [Abel] Owen
1
Owen had a claim against Cahoon, Carter & Co., the mercantile organization created by church leaders Jared Carter, Reynolds Cahoon, and Hyrum Smith in Kirtland, Ohio. JS had assumed the debts of this organization, and Granger had in turn assumed JS’s debts. Owen possessed additional notes from Granger and sought the reconciliation of both the notes and the claim a year and a half later. (JS, Journal, 22 Feb. 1843; Staker, Hearken, O Ye People, 441–444.)
Staker, Mark L. Hearken, O Ye People: The Historical Setting of Joseph Smith’s Ohio Revelations. Salt Lake City: Greg Kofford Books, 2009.
which went to settle A Debt Against you in favour of
Hichcook
16 Feb. 1785–9 Mar. 1844. Merchant. Born in Greenwich, Fairfield Co., Connecticut. Son of Thomas Hitchcock and Clemence Reynolds. Married Electa Hall. Moved to New York City, by 1810. Died in New York City.
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a[n]d son in
New York
Located in northeast region of U.S. Area settled by Dutch traders, 1620s; later governed by Britain, 1664–1776. Admitted to U.S. as state, 1788. Population in 1810 about 1,000,000; in 1820 about 1,400,000; in 1830 about 1,900,000; and in 1840 about 2,400,...
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—

yours in haste

Oliver Granger
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Related Case Documents
Editorial Title
Pay Order from Oliver Granger for Samuel Clark, 5 July 1841
ID #
2284
Total Pages
2
Print Volume Location
JSP, D8:185–186
Handwriting on This Page
Oliver Granger
Footnotes
[1]
Owen had a claim against Cahoon, Carter & Co., the mercantile organization created by church leaders Jared Carter, Reynolds Cahoon, and Hyrum Smith in Kirtland, Ohio. JS had assumed the debts of this organization, and Granger had in turn assumed JS’s debts. Owen possessed additional notes from Granger and sought the reconciliation of both the notes and the claim a year and a half later. (JS, Journal, 22 Feb. 1843; Staker, Hearken, O Ye People, 441–444.)
Staker, Mark L. Hearken, O Ye People: The Historical Setting of Joseph Smith’s Ohio Revelations. Salt Lake City: Greg Kofford Books, 2009.