During the 1838 “Mormon War” in Missouri, similar arguments were made to justify wartime thefts or appropriations. One participant in these activities later stated that JS renounced this practice at the April 1840 conference of the church. JS made public denunciations of theft on other occasions as well. Nevertheless, accusations that some Latter-day Saints continued to steal from non-Mormons contributed to the hostility against the church during the Nauvoo era, particularly in the surrounding counties. In contrast to Miller’s assertion in the council, when hostilities erupted in September 1845 Brigham Young instructed the Mormon militia to only “take enough property to sustain life.” In January 1846 Young warned that thieves would not be tolerated in the emigrating companies. (Phelps, Reminiscences, 6–7; Revelation, 9 Feb. 1831 [D&C 42:39]; Lee, Mormonism Unveiled, 111; JS, Journal, 6 Apr. 1843; JS, “Pres’t J. Smith’s Affidavit,” Wasp, 29 Mar. 1843, [3]; “Brethren in Trouble!,” Warsaw [IL] Signal, 19 Feb. 1845, [2]; Hosea Stout, Reminiscences and Journal, 19 Sept. 1845; Council of Fifty, “Record,” 13 Jan. 1846; see also LeSueur, 1838 Mormon War in Missouri, chap. 7; Baugh, “Call to Arms,” chap. 7; and Hallwas and Launius, Cultures in Conflict, 70–77.)
Phelps, Morris. Reminiscences, no date. CHL. MS 271.
Lee, John D. Mormonism Unveiled. St. Louis, MO: Sun Publishing Company, 1882.
The Wasp. Nauvoo, IL. Apr. 1842–Apr. 1843.
Warsaw Signal. Warsaw, IL. 1841–1853.
Stout, Hosea. Reminiscences and Journals, 1845–1869. Microfilm. CHL. Originals at Utah State Historical Society, Salt Lake City. Also available as On the Mormon Frontier: The Diary of Hosea Stout, 1844–1861, edited by Juanita Brooks, 2 vols. (1964. Reprint, Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press; Salt Lake City: Utah State Historical Society, 1982).
LeSueur, Stephen C. The 1838 Mormon War in Missouri. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1987.
Baugh, Alexander L. “A Call to Arms: The 1838 Mormon Defense of Northern Missouri.” PhD diss., Brigham Young University, 1996. Also available as A Call to Arms: The 1838 Mormon Defense of Northern Missouri, Dissertations in Latter-day Saint History (Provo, UT: Joseph Fielding Smith Institute for Latter-day Saint History; BYU Studies, 2000).
Hallwas, John E., and Roger D. Launius. Cultures in Conflict: A Documentary History of the Mormon War in Illinois. Logan, UT: Utah State University Press, 1995.