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Revelation, 8 March 1833 [D&C 90]

Source Note

Revelation, , Geauga Co., OH, 8 Mar. 1833; copied [ca. Mar. 1833]; handwriting of ; three pages; Newel K. Whitney, Papers, BYU. Includes docket and archival marking.
Bifolium measuring 12⅜ × 7¾ inches (31 × 20 cm). The document was trifolded both lengthwise and width-wise. A docket was added by in ink, with a later addition in graphite: “Revelation relative to | the Bishops Search. for | an agent | 8 March 1833. <​also | to have our families Small​>”.
This and several other revelations, along with many other personal and institutional documents kept by , were inherited by his daughter Mary Jane Whitney, who married Isaac Groo. This collection was passed down in the Groo family and donated by members of the family to the Harold B. Lee Library at Brigham Young University during the period 1969–1974.

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    Andrus and Fuller, Register of the Newel Kimball Whitney Papers, 24.

    Andrus, Hyrum L., Chris Fuller, and Elizabeth E. McKenzie. “Register of the Newel Kimball Whitney Papers, 1825–1906,” Sept. 1998. BYU.

Historical Introduction

Marking a significant development in the church’s chief governing body, this revelation announced that the counselors in the were equal with JS “in holding the of this Last Kingdom.” The presidency of the high priesthood had its beginnings sixteen months earlier, on 11 November 1831, when a revelation established the office of the president of the high priesthood. That revelation called the office of the high priesthood “the greatest of all” and said that “it must needs be that one be appointed of the to preside over the Priest hood & he shall be called President of the high Priest hood of the Church” and have the duty to “preside over the whole church.” At a church in , Ohio, held on 25 January 1832, JS was as president of the high priesthood by .
The 11 November 1831 revelation also gave the president authority to appoint twelve counselors to form a disciplinary court, introducing the idea that a body of counselors was to support the president. Precedent for forming a leadership body of three people came earlier in 1831 when was designated as the church’s first with “two of the ” appointed to assist him in attending to the temporal and spiritual concerns of the church. On 8 March 1832, JS chose and ordained and to assist him as “councillers of the ministry of the presidency of th[e] high Pristhood.” A revelation dictated around the same time affirmed that the president of the high priesthood had “authority to preside with the assistence of his councellers over all the Concerns of the church.” On 15 March 1832, JS dictated another revelation that elevated the counselors to positions of authority, second only to JS, in managing the affairs of the church. It formally called Gause “to be a high Priest in my church and councellor unto my servant Joseph,” explained the duties of the counselors, and affirmed that “the keys of the Kingdom” belong “always to the prisidency of the high Priesthood.” Gause was excommunicated from the on 3 December 1832, and a month later, on 5 January 1833, was called to replace Gause in serving as “Councillor & scribe unto my servant Joseph.” Williams probably assumed his new role immediately; he was identified as a counselor in the presidency of the high priesthood in the minutes of a conference held on 22 January 1833, though he was not ordained to this position until 18 March 1833. The structure of the presidency remained unchanged until December 1834.
Before the revelation featured here was dictated, JS was assisted by his counselors as he had been previously by , who had been called in 1830 to support JS as “second elder.” The minutes of a conference of high priests that assembled on 22 January 1833 likewise indicated a hierarchy in the presidency, with JS as “President,” as “cheif scribe and high counceler,” and as “assistant scribe and counceler.” The following revelation, however, directed that JS’s counselors, Rigdon and Williams, be made “equal” with the president in holding the of the kingdom. It likewise authorized the three men to labor together to “set in order all the affairs of this Church and kingdom.” Though JS retained presiding authority, the governing body of the church now had three presidents. Following this revelation, the members of the presidency of the high priesthood signed some letters and official documents with their names in the order of JS, Sidney Rigdon, and Frederick G. Williams and with the associated title of “Presidents of the High Priesthood.” By 1835 this presidency was also known as the “first presidency” of the church.
In addition to giving instructions regarding the presidency of the high priesthood, this revelation expressed displeasure with some church members in . JS’s interactions with Missouri leaders in spring 1832, his series of letters with and from June 1832 to January 1833, and a revelation dated 22 and 23 September 1832 emphasized that Missouri church leaders needed to repent of ongoing disputes and perceived backbiting against JS. These interactions and documents likewise reveal a continuing discord between the leaders of the church in , Ohio, and those in , Missouri. Some Missouri leaders believed that if JS would move to Independence, his presence would help alleviate many of the misunderstandings and hard feelings that had existed for months between church officials in the two locations. On 14 January 1833, and penned a letter on behalf of a conference of high priests and elders held in Kirtland to inform the Missouri Saints in a united voice “that Br J. will not settle in until she repent and purify herself & abide by the new covenant, and remember the which have been given her, to do them as well as say them.” The revelation featured here reiterated displeasure with specific Missouri leaders for unrepentant behavior. It also clarified that JS would be called to preside over the church in Independence in the Lord’s “own due time.”
This revelation also directed members of the presidency of the high priesthood to set their houses in order, gave instructions concerning the residences of and , and emphasized the need to continue the ongoing translation of the Old Testament. It also directed the relocation of —a church member who had recently a significant amount of money to the church—from to , Missouri. How or when church members in Kirtland or learned of this revelation is unknown, as no extant contemporary sources mention it.

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    Revelation, 11 Nov. 1831–B [D&C 107:64–65, 91].

  2. [2]

    Three months later, on 26 April 1832, a conference of high priests in Jackson County, Missouri, also acknowledged him as president. (Minutes, 26–27 Apr. 1832.)

  3. [3]

    Revelation, 11 Nov. 1831–B [D&C 107:78–80].

  4. [4]

    Revelation, 4 Feb. 1831 [D&C 41:9]; Revelation, 9 Feb. 1831 [D&C 42:31]; Minutes, ca. 3–4 June 1831.

  5. [5]

    Note, 8 Mar. 1832.

  6. [6]

    Revelation, between ca. 8 and ca. 24 Mar. 1832.

  7. [7]

    Revelation, 15 Mar. 1832 [D&C 81:1–2].

  8. [8]

    JS, Journal, 3 Dec. 1832; Revelation, 5 Jan. 1833. Likely because of his excommunication, Gause’s name was struck through in the version of the 15 March 1832 revelation written in Revelation Book 2 and Williams’s name was inserted in its place. Williams’s name, not Gause’s, appears in the earliest published version of the 15 March 1832 revelation. (Revelation, 15 Mar. 1832; Revelation, 15 Mar. 1832, in Doctrine and Covenants 79:1, 1835 ed. [D&C 81:1]; see also Woodford, “Jesse Gause,” 362–364.)

    Woodford, Robert J. “Jesse Gause, Counselor to the Prophet.” BYU Studies 15 (Spring 1975): 362–364.

  9. [9]

    Minutes, 18 Mar. 1833. The minutes of the 22 January conference offer the earliest firm dating of Williams serving as a counselor to JS in the presidency of the high priesthood. Williams also identified himself as “assistant scribe and councellor” when he recorded three revelations in Revelation Book 2. Though these revelations were dictated on 6 December 1832, 27–28 December 1832, and 3 January 1833, respectively, they were probably not recorded by Williams until sometime later. (Minutes, 22–23 Jan. 1833; Revelation Book 2, pp. 32, 46, 48; see also License for Frederick G. Williams, 20 Mar. 1833.)

  10. [10]

    On 5 December 1834, JS, Sidney Rigdon, and Frederick G. Williams ordained Oliver Cowdery “to the office of assistant President of the High and Holy Priesthood in the Church of Latter-Day Saints.” (JS History, 1834–1836, 17; see also JS, Journal, 5 Dec. 1834.)

  11. [11]

    See Revelation, 6 Apr. 1830 [D&C 21]; Articles and Covenants, ca. Apr. 1830 [D&C 20:3]; and JS History, vol. A-1, 18.

  12. [12]

    Minutes, 22–23 Jan. 1833.

  13. [13]

    See, for example, Minutes, 2 May 1833; Letter to the Church in Thompson, OH, 6 Feb. 1833; and Letter to Church Leaders in Eugene, IN, 2 July 1833.

  14. [14]

    Revelation, 1 Nov. 1831–A, in “Revelations,” Evening and Morning Star, Oct. 1832 (June 1835), 73 [D&C 68:15].

    Evening and Morning Star. Edited reprint of The Evening and the Morning Star. Kirtland, OH. Jan. 1835–Oct. 1836.

  15. [15]

    Letter to William W. Phelps, 31 July 1832; Letter to William W. Phelps, 27 Nov. 1832; Letter to William W. Phelps, 11 Jan. 1833; Revelation, 22–23 Sept. 1832 [D&C 84:76]. Because of Missouri leaders’ “dark” insinuations and accusations that JS was seeking after “Monarchal” or “Kingly power,” Sidney Rigdon and other church leaders in Kirtland accused leaders in Missouri of rebellion. (Letter to Edward Partridge et al., 14 Jan. 1833.)

  16. [16]

    JS received separate letters from Sidney Gilbert and William W. Phelps in December 1832 that prompted him to respond in a letter to Phelps on 11 January 1833. JS wrote, “Our hearts are greatly greaved at the spirit which is breathed both in your letter & that of Bro G—s [Sidney Gilbert] the wery spirit which is wasting the strength of Zion like a pestalence,” and exhorted them to repent. Two days after JS wrote to Phelps, a conference of high priests and elders assembled in Kirtland to address the upheaval in Missouri. Fulfilling a commandment given in September 1832 to exhort Missouri members to repent for their rebellion against JS, the conference assigned Orson Hyde and Hyrum Smith to compose a letter to church leaders in Missouri to curtail the perceived spirit of rebellion. (Letter to William W. Phelps, 11 Jan. 1833; Minutes, 13–14 Jan. 1833; Revelation, 22–23 Sept. 1832 [D&C 84:76]; see also Letter to Edward Partridge et al., 14 Jan. 1833.)

  17. [17]

    Shortly before this revelation was dictated, Jaques arrived in Kirtland, having traveled from Boston. (George Hamlin, “In Memoriam,” Woman’s Exponent, 1 Mar. 1884, 12:152; see also Letter to Vienna Jaques, 4 Sept. 1833.)

    Woman’s Exponent. Salt Lake City. 1872–1914.

Asterisk (*) denotes a "featured" version, which includes an introduction and annotation. *Revelation, 8 March 1833 [D&C 90] Revelation Book 2 Revelation Book 1 Doctrine and Covenants, 1835 History, 1838–1856, volume A-1 [23 December 1805–30 August 1834] Doctrine and Covenants, 1844 “History of Joseph Smith”

Page [3]

one with another let your families be small especially my mine aged Servant as pertaining to thou who do not belong to your families that those things that are provided for you to bring to pass my work are not taken from you and given to those that are not worthy and thereby you are hindred in accomplishing <​those things which​> I have commanded you and again verely I say unto you it is my will that my hand maiden should receive money to bear her expences and go up unto the Land of and the residue of her money I will unto myself and reward her in mine own due time verely I say unto you <​that​> it is meet in mine eyes that she should go up unto the Land of Zion and receive an from the hand of the that she may settle down in peace <​in as much as she is faithful​> and not be Idle in her days from thenceforth and behold verely I say unto you that ye shall write this commandment and say unto your brethren in Zion in Love greeting that I have called you also to preside over Zion in mine own due time therefore let them cease wear[y]ing me concerning this matter behold I say unto you that your brethren in Zion begin to repent and the Angels rejoice over them nevertheless I am not well pleased with many things and I am not well please[d] with my servant neithe[r] with my servant and the also and others have many things to repent of but verely I say unto you that I the Lord will contend with Zion and plead with her strong ones and chasten her untill she overcome and are clean before me for she shall not be moved out of her place I the Lord have spoken it— Am[en]— [p. [3]]
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Document Information

Related Case Documents
Editorial Title
Revelation, 8 March 1833 [D&C 90]
ID #
1547
Total Pages
4
Print Volume Location
JSP, D3:24–32
Handwriting on This Page
  • Frederick G. Williams

Footnotes

  1. [30]

    This sentence likely refers to Joseph Smith Sr.’s arrangement to live and work on Frederick G. Williams’s farm. Lucy Mack Smith later wrote that “on this farm my family were all established with this arrangement, that we were to cultivate the farm and from the fruit of our labor we were to receive our support; but all over and above this was to be used for the comfort of strangers or brethren, who were travelling through the place.” (Lucy Mack Smith, History, 1845, 206; see also Historical Introduction to Revelation, 15 May 1831.)

  2. [31]

    See, for example, Numbers 34:14; and Book of Mormon, 1830 ed., 565 [Ether 12:32].

  3. [32]

    See Psalm 4:8; and Book of Mormon, 1830 ed., 158, 332 [Mosiah 2:28; Alma 38:15].

  4. [33]

    Jaques had recently “collected her means and gathered with the Saints, and by her liberality rendered such pecuniary assistance to the Church in its infancy.” The following month a conference of high priests decided that “Sister Vean Jaqush [Vienna Jaques] should not immediately procede on her Journy to Zion but to wait untill William Hobert gets ready and go in company with him.” On 2 July 1833, the presidents of the high priesthood wrote to church leaders in Zion, saying that “we rejoiced greatly to hear of the safe arival of Sister Viana and brother William and thank our heavenly father that their lives have been spared them till their arival.” JS wrote to Jaques in September 1833 thanking her for her financial contributions; he noted that he was indebted to her for her offering. (George Hamlin, “In Memoriam,” Woman’s Exponent, 1 Mar. 1884, 12:152; Minutes, 30 Apr. 1833; Letter to Church Leaders in Jackson Co., MO, 2 July 1833; Letter to Vienna Jaques, 4 Sept. 1833.)

    Woman’s Exponent. Salt Lake City. 1872–1914.

  5. [34]

    See Isaiah 7:13; and Malachi 2:17.

  6. [35]

    A reference to the ongoing disputes between church leaders in Kirtland, Ohio, and those in Jackson County, Missouri. (See Letter to William W. Phelps, 11 Jan. 1833; and Letter to Edward Partridge et al., 14 Jan. 1833.)

  7. [36]

    JS soon learned that the letter calling the Missouri leaders to repentance, sent on 14 January 1833 from Kirtland, achieved its desired goal of effecting a reconciliation between church leaders in Independence and those in Kirtland. The Missouri elders sent a penitent and peace-proffering letter dated 26 February 1833, which was received by church officials in Kirtland with relief and delight. (Letter to Edward Partridge et al., 14 Jan. 1833; Letter to Church Leaders in Jackson Co., MO, 21 Apr. 1833.)

  8. [37]

    A conference met in Kirtland on 3 December 1832 and excommunicated McLellin for reasons that were not specified but were likely related to either his earlier failure to complete several missions or his unauthorized immigration to Missouri. At the time of this revelation, McLellin was serving a mission with Parley P. Pratt in Illinois and eastern Missouri. Sidney Gilbert may have been chastised here because of failure to satisfactorily carry out instructions given him in a July 1831 revelation to serve as an agent for the church, to “establish a store” to obtain money for the “good of the Saints” in Missouri, and to do his business “in righteousness.” Gilbert also penned a letter, no longer extant, on 10 December 1832 to JS, which a conference of high priests and elders in Kirtland decided contained “low, dark, & blind insinuations.” In a letter to Missouri leaders on behalf of the conference, Orson Hyde and Hyrum Smith encouraged Gilbert to “do his business in the spirit of the Lord” and to repent and do the work that the Lord commanded of him. In April, JS wrote, “We have learned of the Lord that it is his [Gilbert’s] duty to assist all the poor brethren that are pure in heart and that he has done rong in with holding credit from them as they must have assistence for the Lord established him in Zion for that express purpose.” The other individual reprimanded here is Edward Partridge, who was serving as bishop in Independence at this time. The specific reasons for the displeasure with Partridge remain unclear. Though Gilbert and Partridge had both been embroiled in intermittent tensions with JS and Ohio church leaders for more than a year and a half, they were also involved in the 26 February 1833 “special council of High Priests” in Missouri that “kneeled before the Lord & asked him to effect a perfect harmony” between them and their “brethren in Kirtland.” At the time of this revelation, however, JS had not yet learned of the spirit of reconciliation that had come out of that council. (JS, Journal, 3 Dec. 1832; Revelation, 25 Jan. 1832–A [D&C 75:6–8]; Letter to William W. Phelps, 31 July 1832; McLellin, Journal, 8 Mar. 1833; Revelation, 20 July 1831 [D&C 57:6, 8]; Letter to Edward Partridge et al., 14 Jan. 1833; Letter to Church Leaders in Jackson Co., MO, 21 Apr. 1833; Minute Book 2, 26 Feb. 1833.)

    McLellin, William E. Journal, Apr.–June 1836. William E. McLellin, Papers, 1831–1836, 1877–1878. CHL. MS 13538, box 1, fd. 6. Also available as Jan Shipps and John W. Welch, eds., The Journals of William E. McLellin, 1831–1836 (Provo, UT: BYU Studies; Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994).

  9. [38]

    See Isaiah 49:25; and Book of Mormon, 1830 ed., 56 [2 Nephi 6:17].

  10. [39]

    See Psalms 10:10; 35:1; and Jeremiah 8:16.

  11. [40]

    See Psalm 46:5; see also 2 Samuel 7:10; and 1 Chronicles 17:9.

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