Revelations printed in Evening and Morning Star, January 1835–June 1836

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Revelations printed in Evening and Morning Star, January 1835–June 1836
Articles and Covenants, circa April 1830 [D&C 20] Page 2 Articles and Covenants, circa April 1830 [D&C 20] Page 193 Revelation, circa August 1830 [D&C 27] Page 155 Revelation, September 1830–A [D&C 29] Page 60 Revelation, 2 January 1831 [D&C 38] Page 125 Revelation, 9 and 23 February 1831, excerpt [D&C 42:12–77] Page 30 Revelation, 23 February 1831, excerpt [D&C 42:78–93] Page 74 Revelation, circa 7 March 1831, excerpt [D&C 45:1–71] Page 5 Revelation, circa 8 March 1831–A [D&C 46] Page 42 Revelation, 7 May 1831 [D&C 49] Page 93 Revelation, 9 May 1831 [D&C 50] Page 43 Revelation, 7 August 1831 [D&C 59] Page 26 Revelation, 12 August 1831 [D&C 61] Page 105 Revelation, 30 August 1831, excerpt [D&C 63:1–64] Page 140 Revelation, 30 October 1831 [D&C 65] Page 62 Revelation, 1 November 1831–A [D&C 68] Page 73 Revelation, 1 November 1831–B [D&C 1] Page 155 Revelation, 3 November 1831 [D&C 133] Page 177 Revelation, 4 December 1831–A, B, C [D&C 72] Page 106 Revelation, February 1831–A, excerpt [D&C 43:15–35] Page 74 Vision, 16 February 1832 [D&C 76] Page 27 Revelation, 30 April 1832 [D&C 83] Page 126 Revelation, 27–28 December 1832, excerpt [D&C 88:117–126] Page 138 Revelation, 3 January 1833, [D&C 88:127–137] Page 156 June 1832 (January 1835) Issue Page 2 July 1832 (February 1835) Issue Page 26 August 1832 (March 1835) Issue Page 42 September 1832 (April 1835) Issue Page 60 October 1832 (June 1835) Issue Page 73 November 1832 (September 1835) Issue Page 93 December 1832 (April 1836) Issue Page 105 January 1833 (April 1836) Issue Page 125 February 1833 (May 1836) Issue Page 138 March 1833 (May 1836) Issue Page 155 May 1833 (June 1836) Issue Page 177 June 1833 (June 1836) Issue Page 193
Source Note

Revelations published in Evening and Morning Star (
Kirtland
Located ten miles south of Lake Erie. Settled by 1811. Organized by 1818. Latter-day Saint missionaries visited township, early Nov. 1830; many residents joined Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Population in 1830 about 55 Latter-day Saints and...
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, OH), vol. 1, nos. 1–10 and 12, and vol. 2, no. 13; edited by
Oliver Cowdery
3 Oct. 1806–3 Mar. 1850. Clerk, teacher, justice of the peace, lawyer, newspaper editor. Born at Wells, Rutland Co., Vermont. Son of William Cowdery and Rebecca Fuller. Raised Congregationalist. Moved to western New York and clerked at a store, ca. 1825–1828...
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. The copy used for this transcription is currently part of a bound volume held at CHL; includes marginalia and archival notations.

Evening and Morning Star, an edited reprint of The Evening and the Morning Star, presents revelations throughout its first thirteen issues, except for the April 1833 issue, which was printed in June 1836. When printing Evening and Morning Star, the editors revised the revelations found in The Evening and the Morning Star, changing wording and sometimes order and position on the page. One revelation printed in the earlier newspaper was not reprinted in this edition of the paper.
1
Revelation,16 Apr. 1830, in “The Articles and Covenants of the Church of Christ,” The Evening and the Morning Star, June 1832, [1]–[2] [D&C 22].
Comprehensive Works Cited
The Evening and the Morning Star. Independence, MO, June 1832–July 1833; Kirtland, OH, Dec. 1833–Sept. 1834.
The page size of Evening and Morning Star was smaller than that of its predecessor. Each issue has eight leaves (sixteen pages), with two columns on each page, each page measuring 9¼ × 5¾ inches (23 × 15 cm). Because Evening and Morning Star was a reprint, its issues maintained the dating of the original issues; thus, the first issue of Evening and Morning Star is dated June 1832, though it was printed in January 1835, as indicated by a publisher’s notice on the last page of the issue.

The original owner of the volume used for this transcription is unknown. The upper right corner of the second free endsheet is cut away, and based on a residual ink flourish on the recto near the cut, it appears that a signature was removed from the book at some point. This volume is held at the Church History Library, but its provenance is unknown.
Footnotes
[1]
Revelation,16 Apr. 1830, in “The Articles and Covenants of the Church of Christ,” The Evening and the Morning Star, June 1832, [1]–[2] [D&C 22].
Historical Introduction
In December 1833, six months after the
printing office
JS revelations, dated 20 July and 1 Aug. 1831, directed establishment of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints’s first printing office in Independence, Missouri. Dedicated by Bishop Edward Partridge, 29 May 1832. Located on Lot 76, on Liberty Street...
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in
Independence
Located twelve miles from western Missouri border. Permanently settled, platted, and designated county seat, 1827. Hub for steamboat travel on Missouri River. Point of departure for Santa Fe Trail. Population in 1831 about 300. Latter-day Saint population...
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, Missouri, was
destroyed
20 Jul. 1833
Vigilantes, demanding removal of Latter-day Saints from Jackson County, Missouri, destroyed printing office and tarred and feathered Edward Partridge and Charles Allen, Independence, Jackson County, Missouri; a few dozen copies of unfinished Book of Commandments...
and publication efforts there were permanently halted, printing commenced on a newly acquired press in
Kirtland
Located ten miles south of Lake Erie. Settled by 1811. Organized by 1818. Latter-day Saint missionaries visited township, early Nov. 1830; many residents joined Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Population in 1830 about 55 Latter-day Saints and...
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, Ohio. That press, operated by
F. G. Williams & Co.
A firm established by the United Firm on 11 September 1833 to print newspapers in Kirtland, Ohio. In December 1833, F. G. Williams & Co. resumed the interrupted printing of the church newspaper The Evening and the Morning Star. After the United Firm was reorganized...
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, continued printing The Evening and the Morning Star, the newspaper begun in
Missouri
Area acquired by U.S. in Louisiana Purchase, 1803, and established as territory, 1812. Missouri Compromise, 1820, admitted Missouri as slave state, 1821. Population in 1830 about 140,000; in 1836 about 240,000; and in 1840 about 380,000. Latter-day Saint ...
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, through September 1834. The September 1834 issue of that paper contained a prospectus announcing that the paper’s two volumes would be reprinted.
1
“Prospectus,” The Evening and the Morning Star, Sept. 1834, 192.
The first issue of the reprinted newspaper, which appeared under the slightly modified title Evening and Morning Star, was published in January 1835.
2
The title that appears in the newspaper’s nameplate was likely shortened because of a reduction in the newspaper’s size. The longer original title, The Evening and the Morning Star, is printed at the middle and end of each issue with other publication information. For the sake of clarity, the reprinted paper is referred to by its shortened title for all references in The Joseph Smith Papers.
Though touted as a reprint that would correct typographical and other errors,
3
Evening and Morning Star actually contained significant changes to the revelation texts. In the first issue, editor
Oliver Cowdery
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explained the revisions he was making in the reprinted versions of the revelations:
On the revelations we merely say, that we were not a little surprised to find the previous print so different from the original. We have given them a careful comparison, assisted by individuals whose known integrity and ability is uncensurable. Thus saying we cast no reflections upon those who were entrusted with the responsibility of publishing them in
Missouri
Area acquired by U.S. in Louisiana Purchase, 1803, and established as territory, 1812. Missouri Compromise, 1820, admitted Missouri as slave state, 1821. Population in 1830 about 140,000; in 1836 about 240,000; and in 1840 about 380,000. Latter-day Saint ...
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, as our own labors were included in that important service to the church, and it was our unceasing endeavor to have them correspond with the copy furnished us. We believe they are now correct. If not in every word, at least in principle.
4
Notice, Evening and Morning Star, June 1832 (Jan. 1835), 16. The prospectus to Evening and Morning Star also states “that in the first 14 numbers, in the Revelations, are many errors, typographical, and others, occasioned by transcribing manuscript; but as we shall have access to originals, we shall endeavor to make proper corrections.” (“Prospectus,” The Evening and the Morning Star, Sept. 1834, 192.)
Evening and Morning Star. Edited reprint of The Evening and the Morning Star. Kirtland, OH. Jan. 1835–Oct. 1836.
Despite the implications of
Cowdery
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’s statement, very few of the changes in the reprint represent a restoration back to the earliest text, though Cowdery consulted early manuscript sources when reprinting some of the revelations.
5
On 4 February 1835, Cowdery wrote to Newel K. Whitney requesting that the latter send “the original copy of the Revelation given to 12 elders Feb. 1831 called ‘The Law of the Church.’” Cowdery explained, “We are preparing the old Star for re-printing, and have no copy from which to correct, and kno[w] of no other beside yours.” (Oliver Cowdery, Kirtland, OH, to Newel K. Whitney, 4 Feb. 1835, Newel K. Whitney, Papers, BYU.)
Whitney, Newel K. Papers, 1825–1906. BYU.
Because the revelations were meant to be used as a guide for the current operations of the church, they were edited in 1835 to reflect current organization, doctrine, and practice, which had continued to develop since the revelations were first dictated. For example, the version of a 9 February 1831 revelation printed in Evening and Morning Star includes discussion of the duties of elders, priests, teachers, bishops, high priests, and the high council.
6
Revelation, 9 Feb. 1831, in “Extract of Covenants for the Church of the Latter Day Saints,” Evening and Morning Star, July 1832 (Feb. 1835), 30–31 [D&C 42].
Early versions of the revelation, however, make no mention of the office of high priest, which did not exist until June 1831,
7
See Minute Book 2, 3 June 1831.
Minute Book 2 / “The Conference Minutes and Record Book of Christ’s Church of Latter Day Saints,” 1838, 1842, 1844. CHL. Also available at josephsmithpapers.org.
or of the high council, a body that was not organized until February 1834.
8
Minute Book 1, 17 Feb. 1834; see also Minutes, 17 Feb. 1834, in Doctrine and Covenants 5, 1835 ed. [D&C 102].
Minute Book 1 / “Conference A,” 1832–1837. CHL. Also available at josephsmithpapers.org.
Doctrine and Covenants of the Church of the Latter Day Saints: Carefully Selected from the Revelations of God. Compiled by Joseph Smith, Oliver Cowdery, Sidney Rigdon, and Frederick G. Williams. Kirtland, OH: F. G. Williams, 1835. Also available in Robin Scott Jensen, Richard E. Turley Jr., Riley M. Lorimer, eds., Revelations and Translations, Volume 2: Published Revelations. Vol. 2 of the Revelations and Translations series of The Joseph Smith Papers, edited by Dean C. Jessee, Ronald K. Esplin, and Richard Lyman Bushman (Salt Lake City: Church Historian’s Press, 2011).
The revelation was revised in 1835 to reflect these additional roles. Most of the changes made to revelations in the early issues of Evening and Morning Star are also reflected in the same revelations as published in the first edition of the Doctrine and Covenants (1835), and the editing work on that volume, in turn, influenced the presentation of revelations in later issues of Evening and Morning Star.
9
For example, the updates made in Revelation, 9 February 1831, for publication in Evening and Morning Star were then introduced into Doctrine and Covenants 13:8, 10, 19, 1835 ed. [D&C 42:31, 34, 71].
The table that follows lists each of the revelatory items printed in the Star and its reprint, along with its bibliographic information. See Revelations Printed in The Evening and the Morning Star for a side-by-side comparison of the revelations printed in the Star and its reprint.
Key to column titles
Vol: Issue: Volume and issue number
Star Print Date: Month in which the item was printed in The Evening and the Morning Star
Star Pages: Pages on which the item was printed in The Evening and the Morning Star
Reprint Print Date: Month in which the item was printed in Evening and Morning Star
Reprint Pages: Pages on which the item was printed in Evening and Morning Star
Date: Date of item, followed by section number in Doctrine and Covenants, 1981 edition, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Vol: Issue Star Print Date Star Pages Reprint Print Date Reprint Pages Date
1:1 June 1832 [1] Jan. 1835 2–4 10 Apr. 1830 [D&C 20]
1:1 June 1832 [1]–[2] 16 Apr. 1830 [D&C 22]
1:1 June 1832 [2] Jan. 1835 5–6 ca. 7 Mar. 1831 [D&C 45:1–67, 71]
1:2 July 1832 [1] Feb. 1835 30–31 9 and 23 Feb. 1831 [D&C 42:11–77]
1:2 July 1832 [1] Feb. 1835 26–27 7 Aug. 1831 [D&C 59]
1:2 July 1832 [2]–[3] Feb. 1835 27–30 16 Feb. 1832 [D&C 76]
1:3 Aug. 1832 [1] Mar. 1835 42–43 ca. 8 Mar. 1831–A [D&C 46]
1:3 Aug. 1832 [1] Mar. 1835 43–44 9 May 1831 [D&C 50]
1:4 Sept. 1832 [2] Apr. 1835 60–62 Sept. 1830–A [D&C 29]
1:4 Sept. 1832 [2] Apr. 1835 62 30 Oct. 1831 [D&C 65]
1:5 Oct. 1832 [2] June 1835 74 23 Feb. 1831 [D&C 42:78-93]
1:5 Oct. 1832 [2]–[3] June 1835 74 Feb. 1831–A [D&C 43:15–35]
1:5 Oct. 1832 [3] June 1835 73–74 1 Nov. 1831–A [D&C 68]
1:6 Nov. 1832 [7] Sept. 1835 93–94 7 May 1831 [D&C 49]
1:7 Dec. 1832 [5] Apr. 1836 105–106 12 Aug. 1831 [D&C 61]
1:7 Dec. 1832 [5]–[6] Apr. 1836 106–107 4 Dec. 1831 [D&C 72]
1:8 Jan. 1833 [5]–[6] Apr. 1836 125–126 2 Jan. 1831 [D&C 38]
1:8 Jan. 1833 [6] Apr. 1836 126 30 Apr. 1832 [D&C 83]
1:9 Feb. 1833 [5] May 1836 138 27–28 Dec. 1832 [D&C 88:117–126]
1:9 Feb. 1833 [6]–[7] May 1836 140–141 30 Aug. 1831 [D&C 63:1–64]
1:10 Mar. 1833 [6] May 1836 155 ca. Aug. 1830 [D&C 27]
1:10 Mar. 1833 [6] May 1836 155–156 1 Nov. 1831–B [D&C 1]
1:10 Mar. 1833 [6] May 1836 156–157 3 Jan. 1833 [D&C 88:127–137]
1:12 May 1833 [1]–[2] June 1836 177–179 3 Nov. 1831 [D&C 133]
2:13 June 1833 97–98 June 1836 193–196 10 Apr. 1830 [D&C 20]
Footnotes
[1]
[2]
The title that appears in the newspaper’s nameplate was likely shortened because of a reduction in the newspaper’s size. The longer original title, The Evening and the Morning Star, is printed at the middle and end of each issue with other publication information. For the sake of clarity, the reprinted paper is referred to by its shortened title for all references in The Joseph Smith Papers.
[3]
[4]
Notice, Evening and Morning Star, June 1832 (Jan. 1835), 16. The prospectus to Evening and Morning Star also states “that in the first 14 numbers, in the Revelations, are many errors, typographical, and others, occasioned by transcribing manuscript; but as we shall have access to originals, we shall endeavor to make proper corrections.” (“Prospectus,” The Evening and the Morning Star, Sept. 1834, 192.)
[5]
On 4 February 1835, Cowdery wrote to Newel K. Whitney requesting that the latter send “the original copy of the Revelation given to 12 elders Feb. 1831 called ‘The Law of the Church.’” Cowdery explained, “We are preparing the old Star for re-printing, and have no copy from which to correct, and kno[w] of no other beside yours.” (Oliver Cowdery, Kirtland, OH, to Newel K. Whitney, 4 Feb. 1835, Newel K. Whitney, Papers, BYU.)
Whitney, Newel K. Papers, 1825–1906. BYU.
[6]
Revelation, 9 Feb. 1831, in “Extract of Covenants for the Church of the Latter Day Saints,” Evening and Morning Star, July 1832 (Feb. 1835), 30–31 [D&C 42].
[7]
See Minute Book 2, 3 June 1831.
Minute Book 2 / “The Conference Minutes and Record Book of Christ’s Church of Latter Day Saints,” 1838, 1842, 1844. CHL. Also available at josephsmithpapers.org.
[8]
Minute Book 1, 17 Feb. 1834; see also Minutes, 17 Feb. 1834, in Doctrine and Covenants 5, 1835 ed. [D&C 102].
Minute Book 1 / “Conference A,” 1832–1837. CHL. Also available at josephsmithpapers.org.
[9]
For example, the updates made in Revelation, 9 February 1831, for publication in Evening and Morning Star were then introduced into Doctrine and Covenants 13:8, 10, 19, 1835 ed. [D&C 42:31, 34, 71].
Asterisk (*) denotes a "featured" version, which includes an introduction and annotation. *Revelation, 1 November 1831–B [D&C 1] *Revelation, circa August 1835 [D&C 27] *Revelation, circa August 1830 [D&C 27]
Page 155
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March 1833 (May 1836) Issue
Revelation, circa August 1830 [D&C 27]
REVELATIONS.
25
Revelation, ca. Aug. 1830, in “Revelation Given September, 1830,” Evening and Morning Star, Mar. 1833 (May 1836), 155 [D&C 27]. This version closely corresponds to the version in section 50 of the 1835 Doctrine and Covenants, suggesting that the latter was used as a source text for the former. This revelation should be dated circa August 1830. For more information on this dating, see the discussion of this revelation in the Documents series.
REVELATION
Given September, 1830.
Listen to the voice of Jesus Christ, your Lord, your God and your Redeemer, whose word is quick and powerful. For behold I say unto you, that it mattereth not what ye shall eat, or what ye shall drink, when ye partake of the
sacrament
Primarily referred to the sacrament of the Lord’s Supper, or Communion, as opposed to other religious sacraments. The “Articles and Covenants” of the church directed “that the church meet together often to partake of bread and wine in remembrance of the Lord...
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, if it so be that ye do it with an eye single to my glory: remembering unto the Father my body which was laid down for you, and my blood which was shed for the remission of your sins: wherefore a
commandment
Generally, a divine mandate that church members were expected to obey; more specifically, a text dictated by JS in the first-person voice of Deity that served to communicate knowledge and instruction to JS and his followers. Occasionally, other inspired texts...
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I give unto you, that you shall not purchase wine, neither strong drink of your enemies: wherefore you shall partake of none, except it is made new among you, yea, in this my Father’s kingdom which shall be built up on the earth.
Behold this is wisdom in me: wherefore marvel not for the hour cometh that I will drink of the fruit of the vine with you on the earth, and with Moroni, whom I have sent unto you to reveal the book of Mormon, containing the fulness of my everlasting gospel; to whom I have committed the keys of the record of the stick of Ephraim; and also with Elias, to whom I have committed the keys of bringing to pass the restoration of all things, or the restorer of all things spoken by the mouth of all the holy prophets since the world began, concerning the last days: and also John the son of Zacharias, which Zacharias he (Elias) visited and gav[e] promise that h[e] should have a son, and his name should be John, and he should be filled with the spirit of Elias; which John I have sent unto you, my servants, Joseph Smith, jr. and
Oliver Cowdery
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, to
ordain
The conferral of power and authority; to appoint, decree, or set apart. Church members, primarily adults, were ordained to ecclesiastical offices and other responsibilities by the laying on of hands by those with the proper authority. Ordinations to priesthood...
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you unto this first
priesthood
Power or authority of God. The priesthood was conferred through the laying on of hands upon adult male members of the church in good standing; no specialized training was required. Priesthood officers held responsibility for administering the sacrament of...
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which you have received, that you might be called and ordained even as Aaron: and also Elijah, unto whom I have committed the keys of the power of turning the hearts of the fathers to the children and the hearts of the children to the fathers, that the whole earth may not be smitten with a curse: and also, with Joseph, and Jacob, and Isaac, and Abraham your fathers; by whom the promises remain: and also with Michael, or Adam, the father of all, the prince of all, the ancient of days.
And also with Peter, and James, and John, whom I have sent unto you, by whom I have ordained you and confirmed you to be
apostles
A title indicating one sent forth to preach; later designated as a specific ecclesiastical and priesthood office. By 1830, JS and Oliver Cowdery were designated as apostles. The “Articles and Covenants” of the church explained that an “apostle is an elder...
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and especial witnesses of my name, and bear the keys of your ministry: and of the same things which I revealed unto them, unto whom I have committed the keys of my kingdom, and a dispensation of the gospel for the last times: and for the fulness of times, in the whi[c]h I will gather together in one all things both which are in heaven and which are on earth: and also with all those whom my Father hath given me out of the world: wherefore lift up your hearts and rejoice, and gird up your loins, and take upon you my whole armor, that ye may be able to withstand the evil day, having done all ye may be able to stand. Stand, therefore, having your loins girt about with truth; having on the breastplate of righteousness; and your feet shod with the preparation of the gospel of peace which I have sent mine angels to commit unto you, taking the shield of faith wherewith ye shall be able to quench all the fiery darts of the wicked; and take the helmet of salvation, and the sword of my Spirit, which I will pour out upon you, and my word which I reveal unto you, and be agreed as touching all things whatsoever ye ask of me, and be faithful until I come, and ye shall be caught up that where I am ye shall be also. Amen.
Revelation, 1 November 1831–B [D&C 1]
26
Revelation, 1 Nov. 1831–B, in “Revelation Given, Hiram, Ohio, November 1, 1831,” Evening and Morning Star, Mar. 1833 (May 1836), 155–156 [D&C 1]. This version closely corresponds to the version in section 1 of the 1835 Doctrine and Covenants, suggesting that the latter was used as a source text for the former.
REVELATION
Given,
Hiram
Area settled by immigrants from Pennsylvania and New England, ca. 1802. Located in northeastern Ohio about twenty-five miles southeast of Kirtland. Population in 1830 about 500. Population in 1840 about 1,100. JS lived in township at home of John and Alice...
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, Ohio, November 1, 1831.
Hearken, O ye people of my church, saith the voice of him who dwells on high, and whose eyes are upon all men: yea, verily I say, hearken ye people from afar, and ye that are upon the islands of the sea, listen together; for verily the voice of the Lord is unto all men, and there is none to escape, and there is no eye that shall not see, neither ear that shall not hear, neither heart that shall not be penetrated: and the rebellious shall be pierced with much sorrow, for their iniquities shall be spoken upon the house-tops, and their secret acts shall be revealed; and the voice of warning shall be unto all people, by the mouths of my
disciples
Generally, a follower of Jesus Christ, and in certain cases, one selected to lead the ministry. In the New Testament, Christ ordained twelve of his disciples as apostles. The Book of Mormon recounted that during his ministry to the Nephites, Christ similarly...
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, whom I have chosen in these last days, and they shall go forth and none shall stay them, for I the Lord have
commanded
Generally, a divine mandate that church members were expected to obey; more specifically, a text dictated by JS in the first-person voice of Deity that served to communicate knowledge and instruction to JS and his followers. Occasionally, other inspired texts...
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them.
Behold, this is mine authority, and the authority of my servants, and my preface unto the book of my commandments, which I have given them to publish unto you O inhabitants of the earth: wherefore fear and tremble, O ye people, for what I the Lord have decreed, in them, shall be fulfilled. And verily, I say unto you, that they who go forth, bearing these tidings unto the inhabitants of the earth, to them is power given to seal both on earth and in heaven, the unbelieving and the rebellious; yea, verily, to seal them up unto the day when the wrath of God shall be poured out upon the wicked without measure; un [p. 155]
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Source Note
Document Transcript
Page 155
Document Information
Related Case Documents
Editorial Title
Revelations printed in Evening and Morning Star, January 1835–June 1836
ID #
8165
Total Pages
39
Print Volume Location
JSP, R2:195–299
Handwriting on This Page
Wilford Woodruff
Footnotes
[25]
Revelation, ca. Aug. 1830, in “Revelation Given September, 1830,” Evening and Morning Star, Mar. 1833 (May 1836), 155 [D&C 27]. This version closely corresponds to the version in section 50 of the 1835 Doctrine and Covenants, suggesting that the latter was used as a source text for the former. This revelation should be dated circa August 1830. For more information on this dating, see the discussion of this revelation in the Documents series.
[26]
Revelation, 1 Nov. 1831–B, in “Revelation Given, Hiram, Ohio, November 1, 1831,” Evening and Morning Star, Mar. 1833 (May 1836), 155–156 [D&C 1]. This version closely corresponds to the version in section 1 of the 1835 Doctrine and Covenants, suggesting that the latter was used as a source text for the former.