Footnotes
See Taylor, “Early Republic’s Supernatural Economy,” 6–34.
Taylor, Alan. “The Early Republic’s Supernatural Economy: Treasure Seeking in the American Northeast, 1780–1830.” American Quarterly 38, no. 1 (Spring 1986): 6–34.
Likely Bert Wade. (1880 U.S. Census, East Gallatin Valley, Gallatin Co., Montana Territory, 26.)
Census (U.S.) / U.S. Bureau of the Census. Population Schedules. Microfilm. FHL.
The introductory text in the Salt Lake Daily Tribune, 23 Apr. 1880, [4], reads as follows:
The text of the agreement is found at this point, followed by this concluding commentary:
Salt Lake Daily Tribune. Salt Lake City. 1871–.
JS History, vol. A-1, 7–8; Oliver Cowdery, “Letter VIII,” LDS Messenger and Advocate, Oct. 1835, 2:201; see also Blackman, History of Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, 103; and [JS], Editorial, Elders’ Journal, July 1838, 43.
Latter Day Saints’ Messenger and Advocate. Kirtland, OH. Oct. 1834–Sept. 1837.
Blackman, Emily C. History of Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania. From a Period Preceding Its Settlement to Recent Times. . . . Philadelphia: Claxton, Remsen and Haffelfinger, 1873.
Elders’ Journal of the Church of Latter Day Saints. Kirtland, OH, Oct.–Nov. 1837; Far West, MO, July–Aug. 1838.
Trial proceedings, Bainbridge, NY, 20 Mar. 1826, State of New York v. JS, [J.P. Ct. 1826], in “The Original Prophet,” Fraser’s Magazine, Feb. 1873, 229–230.
“The Original Prophet. By a Visitor to Salt Lake City.” Fraser’s Magazine 7, no. 28 (Feb. 1873): 225–235.
Isaac Hale, Affidavit, Harmony, PA, 20 Mar. 1834, in “Mormonism,” Susquehanna Register, and Northern Pennsylvanian [Montrose, PA], 1 May 1834, [1]; Knight, Reminiscences, 2.
Susquehanna Register, and Northern Pennsylvanian. Montrose, PA. 1831–1836.
Knight, Joseph, Sr. Reminiscences, no date. CHL. MS 3470.
JS History, vol. A-1, 7–8.
Lucy Mack Smith, History, 1845, 95.
Oliver Cowdery, “Letter VIII,” LDS Messenger and Advocate, Oct. 1835, 2:201.
Latter Day Saints’ Messenger and Advocate. Kirtland, OH. Oct. 1834–Sept. 1837.
Isaac Hale, Affidavit, Harmony, PA, 20 Mar. 1834, in “Mormonism,” Susquehanna Register, and Northern Pennsylvanian [Montrose, PA], 1 May 1834, [1].
Susquehanna Register, and Northern Pennsylvanian. Montrose, PA. 1831–1836.
“A Document Discovered,” Utah Christian Advocate, Jan. 1886, 1. In March 1826, Peter G. Bridgman, a nephew of Josiah Stowell, filed a complaint in Bainbridge, New York, charging JS with being “a disorderly person and an Imposter”—charges related to JS’s activities as a treasure seeker and his use of a stone to find buried objects. The supposedly defrauded Josiah Stowell himself, however, testified in JS’s favor at the resulting trial. Though not known or published until decades later, the lengthy account in the Utah Christian Advocate represents itself as being a transcript from the records of Justice Albert Neely, who conducted the proceedings. (Trial proceedings, Bainbridge, NY, 20 Mar. 1826, State of New York v. JS, [J.P. Ct. 1826], in “The Original Prophet,” Fraser’s Magazine, Feb. 1873, 229–230.)
Utah Christian Advocate. Salt Lake City. Jan. 1884–Nov. 1887.
“The Original Prophet. By a Visitor to Salt Lake City.” Fraser’s Magazine 7, no. 28 (Feb. 1873): 225–235.
“An Interesting Document,” Salt Lake Daily Tribune, 23 Apr. 1880, [4].
Salt Lake Daily Tribune. Salt Lake City. 1871–.
1830 U.S. Census, Chenango, Broome Co., NY, 21; Simon, “Notes on Oliver Harper.”
Census (U.S.) / U.S. Bureau of the Census. Population Schedules. Microfilm. FHL.
Simon, Stephen Eric. “Notes on Oliver Harper.” Unpublished paper. Windsor, CT, 16 Feb. 1991. Copy in editors’ possession.
“An Interesting Document,” Salt Lake Daily Tribune, 23 Apr. 1880, [4]. In May 1824 Oliver Harper, a raftsman of Windsor, New York, who floated large quantities of timber downriver, was murdered by Jason Treadwell just below Martin Lane’s mill (Lanesboro), Pennsylvania, while returning up the Susquehanna with his profits. (“Trial for Murder,” Adams Centinel [Gettysburg, PA], 22 Sept. 1824, [3]; Blackman, History of Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, 96–97, 582–583.)
Salt Lake Daily Tribune. Salt Lake City. 1871–.
Adams Centinel. Gettysburg, PA. 1800–1867.
Blackman, Emily C. History of Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania. From a Period Preceding Its Settlement to Recent Times. . . . Philadelphia: Claxton, Remsen and Haffelfinger, 1873.
See “Trial for Murder,” Adams Centinel [Gettysburg, PA], 22 Sept. 1824, [3]; see also Blackman, History of Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, 582.
Adams Centinel. Gettysburg, PA. 1800–1867.
Blackman, Emily C. History of Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania. From a Period Preceding Its Settlement to Recent Times. . . . Philadelphia: Claxton, Remsen and Haffelfinger, 1873.
Josiah Stowell mentioned in a letter that he had not known JS before 1825. Isaac Hale claimed that he first met JS in November 1825. (Josiah Stowell Jr., Elmira, NY, to John S. Fullmer, Cambria Co., PA, 17 Feb. 1843, CHL; Isaac Hale, Affidavit, Harmony, PA, 20 Mar. 1834, in “Mormonism,” Susquehanna Register, and Northern Pennsylvanian [Montrose, PA], 1 May 1834, [1].)
Stowell, Josiah, Jr. Letter, Elmira, NY, to John S. Fullmer, Cambria Co., PA, 17 Feb. 1843. CHL. MS 2823 2.
Susquehanna Register, and Northern Pennsylvanian. Montrose, PA. 1831–1836.
If JS had originally worked for Oliver Harper or others who were a part of the treasure-seeking agreement, this associated information would have likely been included in their accounts. In her history of JS’s early life, Lucy Mack Smith gave no hint of her husband or JS going to Pennsylvania before 1825.
Doud claimed that on “the old Indian road from Windsor to Chenango Point, about four miles west of Windsor, men were digging, at the same time, for silver, upon Joe’s telling them where it could be found.” (Blackman, History of Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, 581.)
Blackman, Emily C. History of Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania. From a Period Preceding Its Settlement to Recent Times. . . . Philadelphia: Claxton, Remsen and Haffelfinger, 1873.
See “W. R. Hine’s Statement,” Naked Truths about Mormonism (Oakland, CA), Jan. 1888, 2; “A Document Discovered,” Utah Christian Advocate, Jan. 1886, 1; Von Wymetal, Joseph Smith the Prophet, 78–79; and William W. Blair, Journal, 8 May 1879, in Vogel, Early Mormon Documents, 4:340–342.
Naked Truths about Mormonism: Also a Journal for Important, Newly Apprehended Truths, and Miscellany. Oakland, CA. Jan. and Apr. 1888.
Utah Christian Advocate. Salt Lake City. Jan. 1884–Nov. 1887.
Von Wymetal, Wilhelm [W. Wyl, pseud.]. Joseph Smith the Prophet: His Family and His Friends; A Study Based on Facts and Documents. Salt Lake City: Tribune Printing and Publishing, 1886.
Vogel, Dan, ed. Early Mormon Documents. 5 vols. Salt Lake City: Signature Books, 1996–2003.
Page [4]
, | (Chas. A. Newton, |
David Hale, | (, |
P. Newton. | (, |
(, | |
(Jos. Smith, Jr., | |
(Wm. I. Wiley. |
Page [4]
William Hale, a “distant relative” of JS’s future father-in-law, Isaac Hale, owned property near Harmony, Pennsylvania. (Von Wymetal, Joseph Smith the Prophet, 78.)
Von Wymetal, Wilhelm [W. Wyl, pseud.]. Joseph Smith the Prophet: His Family and His Friends; A Study Based on Facts and Documents. Salt Lake City: Tribune Printing and Publishing, 1886.
According to later recollections from Isaac Hale’s nephews, digging had begun several years earlier when William Hale was “informed by a woman by the name of Odle, who claimed to possess the power of seeing under ground . . . that there were great treasures concealed in the hill northeast from Isaac Hale’s house.” However, “after a short time operations were suspended.” The dig was recommenced in summer 1825. (Von Wymetal, Joseph Smith the Prophet, 78.)
Von Wymetal, Wilhelm [W. Wyl, pseud.]. Joseph Smith the Prophet: His Family and His Friends; A Study Based on Facts and Documents. Salt Lake City: Tribune Printing and Publishing, 1886.
A brother of Josiah Stowell. (Stowell, Stowell Genealogy, 113.)
Stowell, William Henry Harrison. Stowell Genealogy: A Record of the Descendants of Samuel Stowell of Hingham, Mass. Rutland, VT: Tuttle, 1922.
Possibly one of the two men named Charles Newton living in Bainbridge, Chenango County, New York. (1820 U.S. Census, Bainbridge, Chenango Co., NY, 149; 1830 U.S. Census, Bainbridge, Chenango Co., NY, 7; 1840 U.S. Census, Bainbridge, Chenango Co., NY, 419, 425.)
Census (U.S.) / U.S. Bureau of the Census. Population Schedules. Microfilm. FHL.
Possibly the William Wylie residing in Rush, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania. (Susquehanna Co., PA, Deeds, 1812–1922, Grantee Index, vol. 10, p. 514, microfilm 1,927,838; Susquehanna Co., PA, Deeds, 1812–1922, Grantor Index, vol. 11, p. 355, microfilm 1,927,836, U.S. and Canada Records Collection, FHL; 1840 U.S. Census, Rush, Susquehanna Co., PA; Polly Catlin, Great Bend, PA, to “Francis,” Pittsburgh, PA, 18 Mar. 1836, in Roehm, Letters of George Catlin and His Family, 88.)
U.S. and Canada Record Collection. FHL.
Census (U.S.) / U.S. Bureau of the Census. Population Schedules. Microfilm. FHL.
Roehm, Marjorie Catlin. The Letters of George Catlin and His Family: A Chronicle of the American West. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966.
Likely Tryphena (Phena) Stone Harper, who lived in Windsor, Broome County, New York. Her husband, Oliver Harper, died on 11 May 1824. (1820 U.S. Census, Windsor, Broome Co., NY, 239; Simon, “Notes on Oliver Harper”; Blackman, History of Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, 582.)
Census (U.S.) / U.S. Bureau of the Census. Population Schedules. Microfilm. FHL.
Simon, Stephen Eric. “Notes on Oliver Harper.” Unpublished paper. Windsor, CT, 16 Feb. 1991. Copy in editors’ possession.
Blackman, Emily C. History of Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania. From a Period Preceding Its Settlement to Recent Times. . . . Philadelphia: Claxton, Remsen and Haffelfinger, 1873.
Possibly the John M. Shephard of Broome County. (See Broome Co., NY, Deed Records, 1812–1922, p. 54–55, Grantor Index, microfilm 1,927,835, U.S. and Canada Record Collection, FHL; see also 1850 U.S. Census, Harmony Township, Susquehanna Co., PA.)
U.S. and Canada Record Collection. FHL.
Census (U.S.) / U.S. Bureau of the Census. Population Schedules. Microfilm. FHL.
Elihu Cooper Stowell was the son of Abishai Stowell, half-brother to Josiah Stowell. (Stowell, Stowell Genealogy, 113, 235.)
Stowell, William Henry Harrison. Stowell Genealogy: A Record of the Descendants of Samuel Stowell of Hingham, Mass. Rutland, VT: Tuttle, 1922.
Possibly John Grant of Smithville, Chenango County, New York, or John Grant of Colesville, Broome County, New York. (1820 U.S. Census, Smithville, Chenango Co., NY, 210; 1830 U.S. Census, Colesville Township, Broome Co., NY, 52.)
Census (U.S.) / U.S. Bureau of the Census. Population Schedules. Microfilm. FHL.
Hale said that “Smith, and his father, with several other ‘money-diggers’ boarded at my house while they were employed in digging for a mine that they supposed had been opened and worked by the Spaniards, many years since.” (Isaac Hale, Affidavit, Harmony, PA, 20 Mar. 1834, in “Mormonism,” Susquehanna Register, and Northern Pennsylvanian [Montrose, PA], 1 May 1834, [1].)
Susquehanna Register, and Northern Pennsylvanian. Montrose, PA. 1831–1836.
David Hale, a son of Isaac Hale, lived in Harmony. (1830 U.S. Census, Harmony Township, Susquehanna Co., PA, 2.)
Census (U.S.) / U.S. Bureau of the Census. Population Schedules. Microfilm. FHL.
Possibly Phineas Newton living in Plymouth Township, Chenango County, New York, or Peter Newton living in Chenango Township, Broome County, New York. (1830 U.S. Census, Plymouth Township, Chenango Co., NY, 151; 1820 U.S. Census, Chenango Township, Broome Co., NY, 243.)
Census (U.S.) / U.S. Bureau of the Census. Population Schedules. Microfilm. FHL.
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