See An Act to Incorporate the City of Nauvoo [16 Dec. 1840], Laws of the State of Illinois [1840–1841], p. 54, sec. 11.
Laws of the State of Illinois, Passed by the Twelfth General Assembly, at Their Session, Began and Held at Springfield, on the Seventh of December, One Thousand Eight Hundred and Forty. Springfield, IL: William Walters, 1841.
Carlin’s response to this letter, dated 7 September 1842, is copied into this journal. In his response, Carlin stated that the Nauvoo Municipal Court’s authority to issue writs of habeas corpus applied only to cases arising out of city ordinances—not in cases involving actions of higher levels of government.
Like Nauvoo, both Quincy and Springfield were granted authority to pass ordinances that did not conflict with the United States Constitution. Similar to the situation in Nauvoo, the judge of the municipal court of Alton could issue writs of habeas corpus for a time. (Kimball, “Nauvoo Charter,” 73, 75; Bennett and Cope, “City on a Hill,” 39.)
Kimball, James L., Jr. “The Nauvoo Charter: A Reinterpretation.” Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 44 (Spring 1971): 66–78.
Bennett, Richard E., and Rachel Cope. “‘A City on a Hill’—Chartering the City of Nauvoo.” The John Whitmer Historical Association Journal (2002): 17–42.