Footnotes
JS, Journal, 13 Dec. 1841 and 21 Dec. 1842; Orson Spencer, “Death of Our Beloved Brother Willard Richards,” Deseret News (Salt Lake City), 16 Mar. 1854, [2].
Deseret News. Salt Lake City. 1850–.
“Obituary of Leo Hawkins,” Millennial Star, 30 July 1859, 21:496–497.
Latter-day Saints’ Millennial Star. Manchester, England, 1840–1842; Liverpool, 1842–1932; London, 1932–1970.
“Letters to and from the Prophet,” ca. 1904, [2], Historian’s Office, Catalogs and Inventories, 1846–1904, CHL.
Historian’s Office. Catalogs and Inventories, 1846–1904. CHL. CR 100 130.
See the full bibliographic entry for JS Collection, 1827–1844, in the CHL catalog.
Footnotes
JS received the first supply of goods for his store on 22 December 1841; the establishment officially opened for business during the first week of January 1842. (JS, Journal, 22 Dec. 1841; 1 and 5 Jan. 1842; Letter to Edward Hunter, 5 Jan. 1842.)
The branch met at 245 Spring Street. (“Arrest for Violating a Statute,” New-York Tribune [New York City], 16 Apr. 1841, [2]; Foster, History of the New York City Branch, [2].)
New-York Tribune. New York City. 1841–1842.
Foster, Lucian R. History of the New York City Branch, 1837–1840. High Priests Quorum Record, 1841–1845. CHL.
Woodruff, Journal, 22 and 25 May 1841.
Woodruff, Wilford. Journals, 1833–1898. Wilford Woodruff, Journals and Papers, 1828–1898. CHL. MS 1352.
1840 U.S. Census, New York 13th Ward, New York City, NY, 267; Longworth’s American Almanac [1841], 424; Longworth’s American Almanac [1842], 369; The Fanny, 8 Federal Cases 992 (S.D.N.Y. 1841) (case no. 4,637); “Arrest for Violating a Statute,” New-York Tribune (New York City), 16 Apr. 1841, [2]. Edward Hunter, a church member from Pennsylvania, was also involved in purchasing goods for JS’s store around this same period. (Letter to Edward Hunter, 5 Jan. 1842.)
Census (U.S.) / U.S. Bureau of the Census. Population Schedules. Microfilm. FHL.
Longworth’s American Almanac, New-York Register, and City Directory, for the Sixty-Sixth Year of American Independence. . . . New York: Thomas Longworth, 1841.
Longworth’s American Almanac, New-York Register, and City Directory, for the Sixty-Seventh Year of American Independence. . . . New York: T. Longworth and Son, 1842.
The Federal Cases Comprising Cases Argued and Determined in the Circuit and District Courts of the United States from the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Federal Reporter. Arranged Alphabetically by the Titles of the Cases, and Numbered Consecutively. Vol. 8. St. Paul, MN: West Publishing, 1895.
New-York Tribune. New York City. 1841–1842.
See, for example, Letter from John M. Bernhisel, 12 July 1841; and Letter to John M. Bernhisel, 3 Aug. 1841.
Catron was nominated as an associate justice of the Supreme Court by President Andrew Jackson and confirmed by the Senate in 1837. (Cushman, Supreme Court Justices, 112; Urofsky, Biographical Encyclopedia of the Supreme Court, 119.)
Cushman, Clare. The Supreme Court Justices: Illustrated Biographies, 1789–2012. 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Congressional Quarterly Press, 2013.
Urofsky, Melvin. Biographical Encyclopedia of the Supreme Court. Washington DC: Con- gressional Quarterly Press, 2006.
The 1789 Judiciary Act established the United States Supreme Court and created thirteen federal district courts grouped into three judicial circuits. In addition to hearing cases brought before the Supreme Court, justices of the Supreme Court were expected to “ride the circuit” to hear appeals in the lower federal courts assigned to them. The number of circuits expanded to nine in 1837. Catron’s eighth circuit jurisdiction included the state of Missouri. (An Act to Establish the Judicial Courts of the United States [24 Sept. 1789], Public Statutes at Large, 1st Cong., 1st Sess., vol. 1, chap. 20, pp. 73–75, secs. 1–2, 4; Wheeler and Harrison, Creating the Federal Judicial System, 1–17; Gray, “United States Courts,” 2350–2351; Cushman, Supreme Court Justices, 113.)
The Public Statutes at Large of the United States of America, from the Organization of the Government in 1789, to March 3, 1845. . . . Edited by Richard Peters. 8 vols. Boston: Charles C. Little and James Brown, 1846–1867.
Wheeler, Russell R., and Cynthia Harrison. Creating the Federal Judicial System. 3rd ed. Washington DC: Federal Judicial Center, 2005.
Gray, Melvin L. “United States Courts.” In Encyclopedia of the History of St. Louis, A Compendium of History and Biography for Ready Reference, vol. 4, edited by William Hyde and Howard L. Conard, 2345–2357. New York: Southern History Company, 1899.
Cushman, Clare. The Supreme Court Justices: Illustrated Biographies, 1789–2012. 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Congressional Quarterly Press, 2013.
Beginning in 1819 Congress appropriated $10,000 annually to employ individuals to teach Native American tribes the “habits and arts of civilization.” The United States government used Indian agents, or sometimes relied on religious societies, to carry out programs of cultural assimilation, which included, among other things, encouraging tribal members to abandon nomadic subsistence practices, particularly in favor of fixed agriculture; Americanizing indigenous children through education, especially English instruction; and encouraging Native Americans to cease practicing folk traditions, mainly by converting to Christianity. By late 1841 the Osage were primarily living in three bands—the Great Osage, the Little Osage, and the Arkansas band—along the Neosho and Verdigris rivers in the present-day eastern portion of Kansas and Arkansas. (An Act Making Provision for the Civilization of the Indian Tribes Adjoining the Frontier Settlements [3 Mar. 1819], Public Statutes at Large, vol. 3, chap. 85, pp. 516–517; Reyhner and Eder, American Indian Education, 43–47; Rollings, Unaffected by the Gospel, 6–7, 86.)
The Public Statutes at Large of the United States of America, from the Organization of the Government in 1789, to March 3, 1845. . . . Edited by Richard Peters. 8 vols. Boston: Charles C. Little and James Brown, 1846–1867.
Reyhner, John, and Jeanne Eder. American Indian Education: A History. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2004.
Rollings, Willard Hughes. Unaffected by the Gospel: Osage Resistance to the Christian Invasion, 1673–1906: A Cultural Victory. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2004.